Polities please see attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Commonwealths please observe connection - Essay Example In the issues of forming the clinic approaches and pushing for wellbeing changes, nurture subsequently should ascend from their sleep to guarantee that strategies are all around supported for and take part in fields that are less recognizable where laws and guidelines that are result situated are made and scant assets made accessible (Abood, 2007). I appreciate Michelle Obama. She is outfitted with the authority abilities, which doubtlessly will consistently give me the motivation to have her as my good example. Essentially, she can be seen as an essential controller and an advertiser. As an advertiser, she is objective arranged, makes intentional arrangements and fears no danger. I probably won't have these administration characteristics, be that as it may, she remains my best when contrasted with Hillary Clinton. Michelle knows to state what she thinks dissimilar to Hillary. Ladies can lead, tutor and change the world. Similarly, attendants ought to do as such in the medicinal services

Julius Caesar - Citizen Of Rome :: essays research papers

Julius Caesar-Citizen of Rome My name is Felicius Dedecus, and I live in Rome. I am a typical resident, and work in the neighborhood pastry kitchen. I am hitched to an enchanting woman named Antonia. We have been hitched for just several months, and we try not to have any kids. We are not yet arranged to have a kid, since we can't monetarily bolster one. When the pastry shop begins going all things considered, we will have a youngster. I work during the days, and Antonia, being a woman, doesn't work so she could deal with the youngster. I start to snicker, when I envision a lady working some place other than in the kitchen. It would be a serious odd sight. I hear individuals yelling. It is by all accounts originating from the Capitol. I am going towards there, to discover out the purpose behind the entirety of this disturbance. The best man that I have ever known is dead. His name was Caesar, what's more, he was an adored supporter and a saint. He crushed Pompey's children, what's more, would effectively profit Rome. Rome will never benefit from this man once more, for he was wounded by a blade. Respectable Brutus, his best companion, helped in the slaughtering of Caesar. All activities of this honorable man, before, have been honorable. I am at the Forum, and the memorial service for darling Caesar is going to occur. Brutus will clarify his reasons for killing Caesar, which will definitely be legitimate. At that point, Mark Antony will convey a discourse, and directing the memorial service rituals. The memorial service discourse, or Laudatio Funebris, is a typical Roman custom. This memorial service vows to be riotous, and I don't know what is to sought Rome. Brutus is going to talk. My colleague at the neighborhood pastry shop, Ragorius, says so anyone might hear what a considerable lot of us Roman residents are thinking. He says, "We will be fulfilled; left us alone satisfied." I am on edge to hear Brutus' discourse, for I am exceptionally inquisitive to hear the legitimization of the homicide. Had any other individual murdered Caesar, in no situation, would I have tuned in to their discourse. Notwithstanding, Brutus is legitimate, and his noble nearness gets him answers upon his solicitation. He asks us, "Be tolerant till the last . . . hear me for mine motivation and be silent." When Brutus said this, I promptly obeyed him. He says, ". Julius Caesar - Citizen Of Rome :: papers look into papers Julius Caesar-Citizen of Rome My name is Felicius Dedecus, and I live in Rome. I am a typical resident, and work in the nearby pastry kitchen. I am hitched to an enchanting woman named Antonia. We have been hitched for just two or three months, and we try not to have any kids. We are not yet arranged to have a youngster, since we can't monetarily bolster one. When the pastry shop begins going all things considered, we will have a youngster. I work during the days, and Antonia, being a woman, doesn't work so she could deal with the youngster. I start to snicker, when I envision a lady working some place other than in the kitchen. It would be a serious odd sight. I hear individuals yelling. It is by all accounts originating from the Capitol. I am going towards there, to discover out the purpose behind the entirety of this uproar. The best man that I have ever known is dead. His name was Caesar, what's more, he was a cherished advocate and a saint. He vanquished Pompey's children, what's more, would successfully profit Rome. Rome will never benefit from this man once more, for he was cut by a blade. Noteworthy Brutus, his best companion, helped in the slaughtering of Caesar. All activities of this honorable man, previously, have been splendid. I am at the Forum, and the memorial service for darling Caesar is going to happen. Brutus will clarify his reasons for killing Caesar, which will without a doubt be legitimate. At that point, Mark Antony will convey a discourse, and leading the burial service rituals. The memorial service discourse, or Laudatio Funebris, is a typical Roman custom. This memorial service vows to be disordered, and I don't know what is to wanted Rome. Brutus is going to talk. My colleague at the nearby bread shop, Ragorius, says so anyone might hear what huge numbers of us Roman residents are thinking. He says, "We will be fulfilled; left us alone satisfied." I am on edge to hear Brutus' discourse, for I am interested to hear the legitimization of the homicide. Had any other person murdered Caesar, in no condition, would I have tuned in to their discourse. Nonetheless, Brutus is respectable, and his noble nearness gets him answers upon his solicitation. He asks us, "Be tolerant till the last . . . hear me for mine motivation and be silent." When Brutus said this, I quickly obeyed him. He says, ".

Community Planning and Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Network Planning and Evaluation - Essay Example General wellbeing emergency clinic in Canada has too uncovered the consistently expanding cases if sedate related confusions. In this manner, network wellbeing programs require a comprehensive arranging, checking, and assessment instruments. The requirement for a select arranging in network wellbeing programs is particularly raised by the, expanded requirement for proof based projects just as requests for quality wellbeing standard practices. Attendants in a joint effort with network individuals, technocrats from different trains, and key partners in wellbeing segments assumes a unimaginably momentous job in decreasing death rate realized by preventable sicknesses (Louise and Blue, 2008). The Canadian Community Health-Nursing Standard of Practice has additionally built up a layout that clarifies how medical attendants should design network programs, upgrade the effectively accessible projects, screen the execution of the arranged projects, and inspect the effects of the arranged prog ram. The issue of unlawful medication maltreatment in Canada has become a typical wonder over all ages in the general public. The Canadian government has subsequently founded different measures to address the danger. In any case, the administration plans are yet to yield the necessary advantages. Because of expanded degree of native medication clients among moderately aged individuals in Canada, the network wellbeing programs expects to address the issues of prostitution, high HIV/AIDS predominance, and substance maltreatment among young ladies (Black et. al., 2010). What's more, such wellbeing programs target featuring theft, damage, and wellbeing related impacts, just as, other unfortunate outcomes looked by the influenced people. The branch of wellbeing in Canada has watched a high dangers related with illegal medication use among the native vagrants. Expanded number of prostitute’s apparently missing; expanded police cases and objections on native ladies are a portion of the pointers of abuse of illegal medications among native ladies (Louise and Blue, 2008). In addition, a few native ladies have been seen to be in a condition of sick wellbeing with the greater part of them being contaminated with HIV. The motivation behind this investigation is to furnish understudies with the capacity to build up a program for wellbeing advancement. The program is additionally centered around the best methods for managing unlawful medication use among native vagrants matured 14-30 living in Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, Canada. The particular goals of the program arranging, usage, and assessment incorporate guaranteeing expanded inoculation against infectious illnesses among school going young ladies, mindfulness creation on unlawful medication use and instructing the young ladies on the dangers related with substance maltreatment for example withdrawal of the HIV infection. The examination likewise plans to advance general wellbeing guidelines by including the vagrants in network exercises. The wellbeing advancement program is likewise planned for guaranteeing diminished paces of prostitution by enabling the general public on the dangers related with it (Hitchcock, Schubert and Thomas, 2003). The examination additionally expects to assess on the quantity of school going young ladies who enjoy prostitution and unlawful medication use among the native ladies. The program arranging, execution and assessment will give the course of events, results, assets and imperatives, just as, by what method will be actualized and assessed (Louise and Blue,

Bridging The Theory To Practice Gap - Free Essay Example

Dissertation/Project Overall Aims and Objectives The globalisation of markets have led to increased opportunities for Domestic Companies (DCs) to flourish into Multi-National Companies (MNCs) and to penetrate new economies thus expanding their operations into foreign markets. Albeit, there are significant benefits associated with this, there are also a number of inherent risks which are associated with such business enterprises. The author seeks to demonstrate that political risk is often misunderstood and therefore ineffectively managed and incorporated into a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Business Strategy. Consequently, companies are at risk as a result of this when they venture into Foreign Direct Investment (FDI.) Within the international business arena much reference is made to country risk to signify the risk of operating in foreign economies. Country risk and political risk are frequently used interchangeably however Clark and Marois (1996) assert that the former term is unrepresentative of the true extent of political risks (Clark and Marois, 1996.) The author will make reference to these cross-border risks as political risks and examine the background literature on how the management of political risk potentially has a place within a Corporate Risk Management framework, and how DCs classify, manage and analyse these political risks, in the context of a survey of the actual political risk management issues and practices which they currently face. Within the authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s short proposal it was noted that the main theme of the dissertation sought to explore the political risks which are inherent in all foreign markets and which pose major risks for Foreign Direct Investors (FDIà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s.) This dissertation proposal expands upon the former with the author seeking to examine whether businesses that enter foreign countries incorporate these risks in their Business Strategy to enable them to mitigate the risk(s) and therefore, making FDI a more feasible and profitable strategy. Within the literature review, the author will examine current literature on the perception of risk, with particular emphasis on political risk, and the universal approaches that DCs adopt in their business strategy towards the management of political risk. This will enable the author to provide a focus on the research proposal and develop the research question. In the methodology section, the author will demonstrate the various techniques that will be applied to this proposal, in addition to the data collection and analysis; the data analysis will provide the author with the answers to the research question. The author has a firm interest in this field of research and the decision to focus upon risk, for this dissertation proposal, arises from a number of reasons. Firstly, the author has prior working experience in risk assessment whilst employed in the public sector and has undertaken formal training in risk assessment and analysis as well as Root Cause Analysis (RCA.) There is evidence which suggests that a number of Domestic Companies have a great deal of potential to expand and make their presence felt within the global arena however, what does appear apparent is that the recognition and understanding of political risk per se, within DCs, is not evident thus, this limits the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s potential, and can lead to its demise. Moreover, the author seeks a future career in management consulting/business solutions, with a main focus on risk analysis and management. Theoretical Framework Political risk, when managed effectively, provides a firm strategy for companies to safeguard their investments, whether domestic or foreign, and to take advantage of new opportunities; consequently this will improve business performance, globally. However, this requires companies to fully integrate political risk management into a systematic process which is entrenched in their business strategy. When it comes to improving global business performance, Price, Waterhouse Cooper (2010) describes, in their recent study, that managing political risk helps in two fundamental ways. First, it protects new and existing global investments and operations by helping management anticipate the business risk implications of political change or instability. Prepared and aware, management is more likely to be able to exit markets that are in danger of growing too unstable. Where short-term instability does not dampen the appetite to pursue long-term opportunity, companies can implement risk mitigation and operational oversight to control against shocks. Second, for a company constantly on the lookout for new opportunities and wishing to expand in the global market, monitoring political risk within target regions or foreign economies is beneficial for companies as this will enable them to potentially gain a competitive advantage (Price, Waterhouse Cooper, 2010.) In defining political risk, a number of studies, particularly that of Jarvis, (2009) demonstrate that this is an indefinable task when approached as a deductive typological exercise, because its genealogy is discursive, its epistemology situated between disciplines rather than within a singular discipline, and because the generative agents of political risk are heterogeneous (Jarvis, 2009). The major theories that relate to political risk sit within political science, development studies, international relations, international business, economics, and economic geography. Jarvis further asserts that political risk might be more austerely applied as a social science method for understanding political events and their effects upon commercial and strategic activities (Jarvis, 2009). Literature Review Research into the field of political risk is not new; the author seeks to explore the current themes on the management of political risk and examines previous research which, over the past thirty years, has identified a number of factors relating to foreign investment; this also includes the politico-economic factors, and Brink (2004) asserts these as having an influence the level of FDI; political risk is one of them, especially in emerging economies and developing countries (Brink, 2004.) Political risk has engaged many attempts at a conservative definition. Dickson (1989) provides a more generalised definition as being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the identification, analysis and economic control of those risks which can threaten the assets or earning capacity of an enterprise (Dickson, 1989.) However, there are a number of attempts to provide a more all-encompassing agreement. Hood and Nawaz (2004) assert that a further complication in the definition of political risk is that most approaches a re predicated on the notion that such risk is invariably negative and that such approaches fail to recognise that political developments can have a positive effect (Hood and Nawaz, 2004.) This is echoed by Butler and Joaquin (1998) who conclude that companies should take into account the positive features of political risk especially in the context of FDI. An exploratory study undertaken by Hood and Nawaz (2004) examined the context of political risk and its management within MNCs by designated Corporate Risk Managers or by specialists external to the company. Hood and Nawaz demonstrated generalisations could not be made about the approach and management of political risk by MNCs. However, the study did reveal some interesting insights into an under-researched area, and which would benefit from further research. Albeit this research study was undertaken six years ago, at that time, the researchers left an open gap in the research field, which the author, from his own preliminary research, has been unable to attest whether this à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"theory to practice gapà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ has been filled. The author believes that imperative to a globalised economy and consequently, the level of FDI which is taking place from DCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, the responsibility for the management of political risk, in the DC, is an area which remains ove rlooked. Hood and Nawaz concluded that, whilst larger-scale research is needed, their findings echoed those of Burmester (2000) and Levinsohn (2000) and their criticisms of the political risk management strategies and systems of MNCs, and that those companies which have embraced corporate, business, and enterprise risk management have found it difficult to incorporate political risk into their operation (Hood and Nawaz 2004: Burmester, 2000: Levinsohn, 2000.) The author has found that most of the existing research into political risk focuses on the paradigm of political risk, in the context of globalisation in international business. Through the literature review, the author has investigated many however, five distinct research studies, each of which falls under the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"political riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ umbrella have been particularly relevant to the authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s research subject. The first study review was an empirical research into political risk as a parallel to economic risk and that both factors should be considered prior to any FDI. The assumptions drawn from this empirical research demonstrated that the measurement of political risk, per se, produced quantitative data only and that this data, was unreliable as pure causative factors measuring political risk. The study failed to include qualitative data based on the economic factors but concluded that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“further research needs to be undertaken.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Other research studies have focused on trend analyses of FDI; here the researchers examined the factors which influenced the flows in FDI, and concluded that both aspects of macro-economic and firm strategy factors should be combined in order to explain the changing trends of FDI flows. This empirical research produced a significant amount of statistical information (quantitative data.) (Sethi, Guisinger; Phelan and Berg, 2003.) Thirdly, a study on country corruption, as a sub-system of political risk was undertaken; this study examined the impact country corruption has upon the fluctuating levels of FDI, for example, the higher the level of FDI, the higher the incidence of corruption in that country. Country-risk analysis was undertaken and measured this using the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI.) The information was extrapolated from data sets and hence, produced quantitative data (Robertson and Watson, 2004.) Another research study, undertaken by Khattab, Anchor and Davies (2007) examined political risk and the effect this has on international projects. Here, the researchers conclude that future research might use a multi-method of data collection since validity is raised as a quality data issue with regard to the use of quantitative methods (Khattab et al, 2007.) Whilst the researchers, here, did not explicitly examine the role responsibility for managing political risk in MNCs, they concluded that it was important to; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“not only describe, but also to understand, the managerial perceptions of political risk within the firm-specific business strategy.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Khattab, Anchor and Davies, 2007.) Further research has been undertaken into political risk assessment and management and its connection with globalisation. Howell (1998) supports this and asserts that political risk needs to be measured as early in the investment and development process as is possible (Howell, 1998.) For DCs, this would appear relatively straightforward however, what is evident is that there is a gap in this research field and the questions which need to be addressed relates to whom manages political risk in the DC and is there a clear understanding of what are the main factors of political risks facing DCs which ultimately affects FDI? Shapiro (1996) identifies them as: expropriation; currency and trade controls; changes in tax and labour laws; regulatory restrictions; and the requirements for additional local production (Shapiro, 1996.) However, it remains unclear whether Shapiroà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s inclusions are definitive. There are a number of scholarly arguments which infer that political risk analysis is not undertaken effectively and this is supported by Burmester (2000) who asserts that no academic discussion of political risk is complete without a complaint about the generally low standard of political risk analysis undertaken by domestic and international business firms (Burmester, 2000.) The author believes that there is sufficient existing evidence and primary data, to support a larger-scale research to be undertaken, in this under-researched area. Research Methodology, Data Collection and Analysis It is not the authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intention to replicate research already undertaken; for the methodology approach to the research area, the research will be a descriptive study since the author seeks answers to the questions: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"who, what, where, when and how.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ The author will access secondary data to form a bridge between where the previous researchers left off i.e. bridge the gap. Indeed, the author will explore the concepts relating to political risk but merely as a demonstration of breadth and depth of knowledge in the research subject. The author will use primary data through the design of the survey questionnaire; and proposes a mix of questions from which qualitative and quantitative data can be extrapolated and ultimately analysed. The author will primarily use secondary data from the various studies and literature available. Secondary data is an important component of research and relates to the collection and processing of data by other r esearch studies rather than the primary sources from the researcher. Secondary data has many benefits but also limitations. Secondary data is time saving for the researcher and does not involve new data collection; secondary data provides a larger  database  as opposed to primary data and if existing data is available then researchers should take advantage of this thus preventing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reinventing the wheel.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Secondary data allows the researcher to explore research questions and formulate hypotheses to test. However, the limitations associated with secondary data are that reliability is not guaranteed; data may be outdated and may not have been collected long enough to enable the researcher to detect trends. Furthermore, neither does it permit progression of formulating research questions to designing methods for answering the research question. Moreover, the secondary researcher is disengaged from observational studies and developing concepts . The author will draw conclusions which infer that much of the research into the measurement of political risk lends itself to being more quantitative than qualitative in nature, as previous research into this area, establishes that purely quantitative data raises a degree of uncertainty and the impact this subsequently has upon political risk management in the DCs. Furthermore, the author will explore alternative ways in which political risk can be measured à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" those differing to the traditional models of risk measurement for example, country-risk i.e., purely quantitative. The backbone of the research will be an empirical study whereby the author will undertake a survey of a number of DCs, chosen randomly, and which are representative of the wide-ranging, larger domestic companies, in the UK. The author recognises that potentially there could be barriers to entry into individual companies however, the author proposes to make explicit that all responses will be held in confidence and that companies will not be identified by name, only by the industry sector in which it operates. Data Collection and Analysis The author proposes that that the dissertation will encompass the concepts of a combination of deductive and inductive theory, given that this is a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. Deductive theory is usually associated with quantitative methods whilst inductive theory is associated with qualitative methods. The author is aware that, traditionally, research is one or the other however, there is a spectrum of research which encompasses both methods and that each crosses these traditional demarcations. Burney (2008) simplifies these concepts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" deductive theory has the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"waterfallà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"top downà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ effect whereby the researcher follows the theory, through to hypothesis; observation and confirmation; this is more specific and conclusions are drawn from available facts. Conversely, inductive theory, as simplified by Burney, is informally called the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"bottom upà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ effect where the researcher begins with observation, through to pattern; a tentative hypothesis and theory. Burney also refers to this as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hill climbingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and that inductive theory is based upon broad generalisations and involves a degree of uncertainty. The secondary data used for this dissertation proposal will be sourced from the Economist Intelligence Unit (at https://www.eiu.com/) and Transparency International (at https://www.transparency.org/). These provide a substantial amount of information and intelligence on political risk in a particular country/region. This will enable the author to correlate the major countries where risk is high. Further data will be obtained from the Organisation for Economic and Co-operative Development (OECD) (at https://www.oecd.org/home/) risk rating agencies, such as the Business Environment Risk Intelligence (BERI) (at https://www.beri.com/), the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG), the Multiagency Investment Guarant ee Agency (MIGA) (at https://www.miga.org/) and the World Bank, and substantial literature reviews and studies. Primary data will be collated from a survey questionnaire which will be sent to a random sample of UK companies. This will enable the author to analyse responses given which will determine who, at what level, and how political risk is analysed; the level of understanding of political risk and whether this is integrated into the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business strategy. Essentially, this will determine the theory to practice gap à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" what many companies say they do, and whether this is this put into practice. Many of the information sources for identifying political risk also provide information on its measurement. Fundamentally, most sources have illustrated a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques for example, expected utility forecasting (de Mesquita et al, 1985) in order to provide a single rating value. Comprehensive reviews of such measurement techniques can be found in Erb et al (1996), Butler and Joaquin (1998) and Monti-Belkaoui and Riahi-Belkaoui (1998.) However, much of the literature does not demonstrate how companies integrate this information into their risk management strategy. Considering Burmesterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s criticisms of the quality of political risk analysis by companies, it could be argued that the extremely quantitative nature of much of the risk measurement information is ambiguous. Consequently, this level of ambiguity can have a significant impact on risk management; however, there are a number of techniques which companies do employ to miti gate the impact of negative political risk (Shapiro, 1999) and the author will provide an overview of these to correlate results in total. Data will be obtained from DCs represented by the standard industrial classification, across a broad range of businesses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" these will include the following sectors: finance/banking; IT services; communications and media; retail; utilities and transport. The purpose behind this is to establish perceptions of political risk across a range of business sectors. There are no ethical issues which will need to be considered. Hypotheses and Research Questions The author proposes the following hypotheses and related research questions. These are coded as follows: Hypotheses, H0 , Research Question, R0 .) H01: There is a level of ambiguity regarding the importance of political risk. R01: How important is political risk? R02: What are the different types of political risk? R03: Is there sufficient knowledge, training and guidance on political risk to adequately match the extent of the environment? H02: Companies do not integrate political risk into their business strategy. R01: Who is responsible for managing political risk? R02: Are political risk strategies and techniques appropriately formulated? R03: Are political risk management strategies and techniques flexible enough to cope with a rapidly changing environment? H03: Companies are not able to react and anticipate problems associated with political risk. R01: What mechanisms are available for anticipating potential political risk problems? From the research questions, the author will determine whether the hypotheses are accepted or rejected. It may be necessary for the author to perform data triangulation in order to validate the research, and potentially develop alternative interpretations of the research data, especially since this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Dissertation Timescale The author will conduct his research from June 2010 to September 2010. For the purposes of this dissertation proposal, the author is not required to produce a time-line, as advised by the Universityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s module lecturer. It is expected that the author will communicate and check-in with his allocated tutor on a regular basis. This will primarily be via email, since the author intends relocating to Spain in July 2010. However, arrangements can be made for the author and personal tutor to have one-to-one meetings, as required.

Dress for Success - 873 Words

Dress For Success Felicia Jones English T/R 2:00 Mike Wilson Ivy Tech Community College June 29th 2010 Finding a job is probably one of the hardest and most time consuming tasks in life. The second hardest is being a female and trying to find a suit to wear to the interview you just landed and your low on cash. Thats where Dress For Success comes in. Dress For Success is an International non-profit organization dedicated to improving the lives of women and is located in 85 cities across the U.S., Canada, the U.K., the Netherlands and New Zealand. Dress For Success basically†¦show more content†¦If a client is looking for a job or seeking a new or different career, they can come to the Career Center and use the internet-accesible computer lab with job placement software. They can also get help with job search assistance; resume and cover-letter-writing lessons; and both interview preparation and mock interviews. What I like the most about this orginization is not just the friendly and supportive staff or the euphoric atmosphere you feel when you enter the building but the exst ensive outreach they provide. In the Professional Womens Group(PWG),clients network with other women who have recently made the same transition into the workforce. The PWG monthly meetings cover a variety of subjects and activities that promote professional development. Each regulary scheduled meeting consists of two key elements: an expert expert speaker leading a discussion and a networking period. Finanacial literacy workshops are also a component of PWG. They teach low-income women how to become economically independent by creating fiscal goals, constructing budgets and investing in their futures. PWG members also have access to product discounts and professional resources to help them futher their proffesisonal growth and strengths. 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Preview This report will explain the importance of being professional in theRead MoreAlexandra White. March 20, 2017. Mr.Allen. F Period. Dress1279 Words   |  6 PagesAlexandra White March 20, 2017 Mr.Allen F Period Dress for success? Or dress for Controversy? Is it better to have students expressing themselves through clothing, or instituting a dress code, hoping they will focus on studies? Many studies have had evidence for both ideas. School dress codes have been controversial ever since teenagers have been interested in fashion. Some people agree with the strict dress codes, and others disagree. School dress codes date all the way back to the 1920’s. AccordingRead MoreDress Me Up Business Plan1268 Words   |  6 PagesDress Me Up Shop Business Plan Executive Summary Dress Me Up shop is a website that sells specialized clothes. Dress Me Up Boutique has been conceptualized year 2012. Dress Me Up aims to eliminate middleman and offers creative fashion clothes that is both functional and beautiful. Because our shop manufactures all the clothes we are selling, we can say that we can save in the cost in producing our very own product. The savings are passed on to our customers who will be paying a fraction

Anxiety And Depression Among Cancer And Non Cancer...

ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AMONG CANCER AND NON CANCER PATIENTS Aijaz Ahmad Bhuroo1, Showket Ahmad Wani1, Mohammad Amin Wani2 1Ph.D Research Scholar Barkatullah University Bhopal 2Ph.D Research Scholar Annamalai University Tamil Nadu ABSTRACT Background: Cancer is one among the life threatening diseases in present days it has biological, psychological and sociological impact on individual’s life. People living with this deadly disease have numerous psychological abnormalities like stress, depression and anxiety. The present study aimed to investigate the levels of anxiety and depression among cancer and non cancer patients. Methods: 80 patients were randomly selected among them 40 were cancer patients and 40 were non cancer patients. The Sinha’s Anxiety scale and Depression scale constructed by Karim Tiwari was used to measure the anxiety and Depression among patients. For statistical analysis independent sample t-Test was applied. Findings: The results show significant differences between the mean scores of cancer and non cancer patients in respect to anxiety and depression. Conclusion: On the basis of our results we may concluded that cancer patients have higher levels of anxiety and depression than non c ancerous patients. Key Words: Cancer, Anxiety, Depression, Delirium, Chemotherapy BACKGROUND Cancer is a disease of an uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body, which produces tumours known as neoplasms. It is the second most leading cause of deathShow MoreRelatedThe Body s Cell Regeneration System Breakdown1344 Words   |  6 PagesCancer is an abnormal growth of body cells, which can starts anywhere in the body. When the cancer develops, the body’s cell regeneration system breakdown. The cells become more abnormal and form the tumor. 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Incidence is expectedRead MoreReducing the Aches and Pains of Life with Music Therapy1286 Words   |  5 Pagesamount of today’s population also experiences depression in some shape way or form and music therapy has been proven to be one of the most successful ways to help patients cope with depression. â€Å"Individual music therapy combined with standard care is extremely effective for lowering [depression] among working age people,† says Professor Christian Gold at the University of British Columbia (Paddock). â€Å"Music therapy is so effective because it allows patients to express their feelings in a safe way,†Read More Nursing Care Plan: Terminal Illness and End-of-Life1639 Words   |  7 Pagesfor a patient with a terminal or lingering illness must be cognitive of his/her own feelings regarding end-of-life choices to effectively care for the patient and the family. Nurses are taught to provide care to patients in a non-judgmental way without regard to their own opinions and feelings. 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This phenomenon can be seen in a wide range of diseases, including allergies, asthma, accelerated aging, cancer, epilepsy, Grave’s disease, multiple sclerosis, myocardial infarction, PTSD, rheumatoid arthritis, just to name a few. Because both the rich and the poor are affected by this trend, material deprivation (i.e. unhealthier food, lack of regular doctorRead MoreMarijuana As A Medicine And Medicine1571 Words   |  7 Pageshave properties that could show its usefulness in the medical field. For example, it has been used in the treatment of nausea, glaucoma, and migraines among other things. On the other hand, many of its effects are accompanied with side effects such as disorientation and hallucinations. Very little studies have been done concerning the beneficial and non beneficial effects of marijuana despite its nature in American society. This paper combines many of the tested treatments of marijuana with reported

Cognitive Learning free essay sample

Not all cases of learning can easily be captured by classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Learning would be extremely inefficient if we had to rely completely on conditioning for all our learning. Human beings can learn efficiently by observation, taking instruction, and imitating the behavior of others. Cognitive learning is a powerful mechanism that provides the means of knowledge, and goes well beyond simple imitation of others. Conditioning can never explain what you are learning from reading our web-site. This learning illustrates the importance of cognitive learning. Cognitive learning is defined as the acquisition of knowledge and skill by mental or cognitive processes — ;the procedures we have for manipulating information in our heads. Cognitive processes include creating mental representations of physical objects and events, and other forms of information processing. How do we learn cognitive? In cognitive learning, the individual learns by listening, watching, touching, reading, or experiencing and then processing and remembering the information. Cognitive learning might seem to be passive learning, because there is no motor movement. However, the learner is quite active, in a cognitive way, in processing and remembering newly incoming information. Cognitive learning enables us to create and transmit a complex culture that includes symbols, values, beliefs and norms. Because cognitive activity is involved in many aspects of human behavior, it might seem that cognitive learning only takes place in human beings. However, many different species of animals are capable of observational learning. For example, a monkey in the zoo, sometimes imitates human visitors or other monkeys. Nevertheless, most information about cognitive learning is obtained from studies on human beings. Cognitive skills: Cognitive skills refer to the abilities to gain meaning and knowledge from experience and information. Cognition is more then just learning information, its the ability to think about new information, process and speak about it and apply it to other, previously acquired information. As children mature, they develop the ability to think on higher levels, processing information more skillfully and making connections to other information more easily. What are cognitive skills? The following describes key cognitive skills that are critical for learning. Attention Skills: A students ability to attend to incoming information can be observed, broken down into a variety of sub-skills, and improved through properly coordinated training. We train and strengthen the three primary types of attention: Sustained Attention: The ability to remain focused and on task, and the amount of time we can focus. Selective Attention: The ability to remain focused and on task while being subjected to related and unrelated sensory input (distractions). Divided Attention: The ability to remember information while performing a mental operation and attending to two things at once (multi-tasking). Memory: The ability to store and recall information: Long-Term Memory: The ability to recall information that was stored in the past. Long-term memory is critical for spelling, recalling facts on tests, and comprehension. Weak long-term memory skills create symptoms like forgetting names and phone numbers, and doing poorly on unit tests. Short-Term / Working Memory: The ability to apprehend and hold information in immediate awareness while simultaneously performing a mental operation. Students with short-term memory problems may need to look several times at something before copying, have problems following multi-step instructions, or need to have information repeated often. Logic and Reasoning: The ability to reason, form concepts, and solve problems using unfamiliar information or novel procedures. Deductive reasoning extends this problem-solving ability to draw conclusions and come up with solutions by analyzing the relationships between given conditions. Students with underdeveloped logic and reasoning skills will generally struggle with word math problems and other abstract learning challenges. Symptoms of skill weaknesses in this area show up as questions like, I dont get this, I need help this is so hard, or What should I do first? Auditory Processing: The ability to analyze, blend, and segment sounds. Auditory processing is a crucial underlying skill for reading and spelling success, and is the number one skill needed for learning to read. Weakness in any of the auditory processing skills will greatly hinder learning to read, reading fluency, and comprehension. Students with auditory processing weakness also typically lose motivation to read. Visual Processing: The ability to perceive, analyze, and think in visual images. This includes visualization, which is the ability to create a picture in your mind of words or concepts. Students who have problems with visual processing may have difficulty following instructions, reading maps, doing word math problems, and comprehending. Processing Speed: The ability to perform simple or complex cognitive tasks quickly. This skill also measures the ability of the brain to work quickly and accurately while ignoring distracting stimuli. Slow processing speed makes every task more difficult. Very often, slow processing is one root of ADHD-type behaviors. Symptoms of weaknesses here include homework taking a long time, always being the last one to get his or her shoes on, or being slow at completing even simple tasks. Cognitive/learning styles. Cognitive styles and learning styles refer to the preferred way an individual processes information or the different ways in which children and adults think and learn. Each of us develops a preferred and consistent set of behaviors or approaches to learning. Unlike theories of individual differences in abilities (e. g. , Gardner), which describe peak performance, learning styles describe a person’s typical mode of thinking, remembering or problem solving. Furthermore, styles are usually considered to be bipolar dimensions, whereas abilities are unipolar (i. e. , ranging from zero to a maximum value). Having more of an ability is usually considered beneficial, while having a particular cognitive style simply denotes a tendency to behave in a certain manner. Cognitive style is usually referred to as a personality dimension that influences attitudes, values and social interaction. To further our understanding of the learning process, Litzinger and Osif (1993) broke it down into several processes: Cognition – How one acquires knowledge. Conceptualization – How one processes information. There are those who are always looking for connections among unrelated events. For others, each event triggers a multitude of new ideas. Affective – People’s motivation, decision-making styles, values and emotional preferences will also help to define their learning styles. Learning Style Importance: Low satisfaction or poor performance in a course or particular activity may be misinterpreted as lack of knowledge or ability, when it is actually difficulty with a particular style of learning. Individual learning preferences, although clearly not related to aptitude, are significantly related to personal motivation and performance. Educators with an understanding of their students’ learning styles are better able to appropriately adapt their teaching methods. Educators who introduce a variety of appropriate teaching methods into their classes are more likely to motivate and engage students in learning. Students who learn about their own style become better learners, achieve higher grades, become more motivated and have more positive attitudes about their studies, have greater self-confidence and have more skill in applying their knowledge in courses. Information about learning styles can help educators become more sensitive to the diversity of students. Information about learning styles can serve as a guide to the design of learning experiences that either match, or mismatch, students’ styles, depending upon whether the educator’s purpose is efficiency of students’ learning or the development of skills with a style of learning in which students can improve. Information about learning styles can assist in working with at risk students, since they have a greater chance of dropping out of school or engaging in self-destructive behavior. Kinds of Learning Styles: Field Independence VS. Field Dependence A number of cognitive styles have been identified and studied over the years. Field independence versus field dependence is one of the most widely known styles. It refers to a tendency to approach the environment in a particular, as opposed to a global manner. At a perceptual level, field independent personalities are able to distinguish figures as discrete from their backgrounds. Field dependent individuals experience events in an undifferentiated way, and have a greater social orientation relative to field independent personalities. Several studies have identified a number of major connections between this cognitive style and learning. For example, field independent individuals are likely to learn more effectively under conditions of intrinsic motivation (e. g. , self-study) and are less influenced by social reinforcement. Scanning This cognitive style focuses on differences in the extent and intensity of attention resulting in variations in the vividness of experience and the span of awareness. Leveling VS. Sharpening These cognitive styles emphasize individual variations in remembering that pertain to the distinctiveness of memories (i. e. , sharpening) and the tendency to merge similar events (i. e. , leveling). Reflection VS. Impulsivity This style has to do with individual consistencies in the speed and adequacy with which alternative hypotheses are formed and responses made. Conceptual Differentiation This style focuses on differences in the tendency to categorize perceived similarities among stimuli, in terms of separate concepts or dimensions. David Kolb’s Theory of Learning Styles Kolb proposes a theory of experiential learning that involves the following four principle stages that can be seen as a continuum running from concrete experience (CE), reflective observation (RO), abstract conceptualization (AC) and active experimentation (AE). Under Kolb’s theory, the CE/AC and AE/RO dimensions are polar opposites, as far as learning styles are concerned. Kolb’s theory is based on the view that learning is a series of experiences with cognitive additions, rather than as a series of pure cognitive processes. Kolb’s theory sets forth that learning is a circular process in which concrete experience (CE) is followed by reflection and observation (RO), which in turn leads to the formulation of abstract concepts and generalization (AC), the implications of which are tested in new situations through active experimentation (AE). A description of Kolb’s learning styles are provided below, as well as suggested instructional strategies for teaching to each style: While Kolb’s theory describes an integrated process in which all stages of the continuum have to be completed over time, it also contends that people are rarely fully effective in all stages. Usually people come to prefer, and rely on, one style above the others. IRS teams should be familiar with and able to apply information on student’s learning styles when creating instructional materials, strategies and techniques for identified problems. Kolb produced variants of his main stages, and by combining different parts of the four stages identified four main styles of learners: divergers, assimilators, convergers and accommodators, depending upon their position on the two opposite dimensions (i. e. , CE/AE, AE/RO). For example, an accommodator prefers concrete experiences and active experimentation (AE, CE). Learning Styles and the 4MAT System: A Cycle of Learning The 4MAT system for creating lesson plans for teaching to learning styles with right/left mode techniques, developed by Bernice McCarthy, is based on a number of premises: First, different individuals perceive and process experience in different and preferred ways, which comprise individuals’ unique learning styles. Essential to quality learning is an awareness in learners of their own preferred mode, becoming comfortable with their own ways of learning, and being helped to develop a learning repertoire, which is developed through experience with alternative modes. The fact that students may have preferred and most comfortable modes does not mean they can not function effectively in others. In fact, students who have the flexibility to move easily from one mode to another to accommodate the requirements of a situation are at a definite advantage over those who limit themselves to only one style of thinking and learning. Descriptions of the four learning styles identified by McCarthy follow: McCarthy argues that all styles should be addressed within the curriculum, so that more than one type of student may be permitted to both â€Å"shine† and â€Å"stretch. † That is, every lesson should contain something for everyone, so each student not only finds their mode of greatest comfort, but also is challenged to adapt less comfortable, but equally valuable modes. The instructional sequence suggested by McCarthy teaches to the four styles using both right- and left-brain processing techniques. This integration of styles and processing modes ensures that we are educating the â€Å"whole brain† (i. e. , engaging both hemispheres of the brain). Neurolinguistics/Psycholinguistics Consideration of one aspect of neurolinguistics can also assist in assessing students’ and educators’ learning styles. Specifically, our tendencies toward the use of visual, auditory or kinesthetic/tactile dimensions in language and thought are strong indicators of predominant learning style. The chart below, adapted from Accelerated Learning, by Colin Rose, provides an example of how language and other cognitive processes can illuminate ones’ primary leaning style. By reading the text in the left column, and answering the questions in the successive three columns on how you respond to each situation, you can determine your learning style. Your answers may fall into all three columns, but one column will likely contain the most answers, which indicates your main learning style. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Another construct that can be useful in determining one’s learning style is the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), developed by Katharine C. Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers, which sets forth four style dimensions. The MBTI instrument provides data on four sets of preferences, resulting in sixteen learning styles, or types. A type is the combination of an individual’s four preferences (e. g. , ESTJ or extraverted-sensing-thinkingjudger). The four dimensions are described below, along with ideas for teaching to each polarity of the four dimensions. The Myers-Briggs inventory can be a very useful tool for helping IRS team members understand each other’s styles of learning and working. The use of personal awareness instruments, such as Myers-Briggs, are excellent resources to use for the maintenance of even fully-functioning teams, as discussed in the section of this manual titled â€Å"Team Wellness/Maintenance. †